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Stalled engines? Driverless routes and roboshuttles

Operating under level 4 driving conditions, these vehicles are driverless and efficient, accommodating up to 22 passengers.

Waymo plans to have its self-driving taxis on the road soon in two more US cities as it cautiously expands operations
Waymo plans to have its self-driving taxis on the road soon in two more US cities as it cautiously expands operations - Copyright GETTY IMAGES NORTH AMERICA/AFP MARIO TAMA
Waymo plans to have its self-driving taxis on the road soon in two more US cities as it cautiously expands operations - Copyright GETTY IMAGES NORTH AMERICA/AFP MARIO TAMA

How close are we to true driverless vehicles being made available to consumers? The big buzz subject in the automotive world from a decade ago may have slowed; yet there continue to be significant developments in this area. With current developments, automation can vary from level 0 to level 5 within the automotive industry, from sole reliance on driver control, all the way to completely driverless vehicles.

There is also considerable investment. The latest report “Roboshuttles and Autonomous Buses 2024-2044” predicts that the global sales revenue of roboshuttles and autonomous buses is to exceed US$67 billion by 2044.

The report predicts that roboshuttles and autonomous buses will likely strive for level 5 operation as a long-term goal, although at present they are currently aiming for level 4, where driverless operation can take place within specific areas.

Unlike most buses, roboshuttles are designed to be small, with not-too-large capacities, making them suitable to deploy in higher numbers within small areas.

Operating under level 4 driving conditions, these vehicles are driverless and efficient, accommodating up to 22 passengers. Despite being smaller than a minibus, the extra room allowed by having no driver means their 4–6-meter length can hold a greater capacity.

Commercialization, however, is proving tricky for roboshuttles, with many being deployed on trial but struggling to go any further towards mainstream acceptance.

Consequently, IDTechEx reports a decline in the number of players from over 25 to just 12 since 2020, with most companies still in the early stages of development in 2023.

Autonomous buses – mini, midi, and city

Mini, midi, and city buses are among the various types of autonomous buses. These are higher capacity of buses compared to roboshuttles, at around 100 passengers per city bus.

The large number of investments required for autonomous buses to become mainstream is indicated by the limited number of players within the market. The regulatory challenges faced by companies, alongside the increased challenges and slow progress of level 4 systems in larger buses, are also factors slowing down commercialization.

There are some successes, such as the autonomous night bus project in South Korea, where a shortage of taxis might otherwise cause transportation concerns, again highlighting a real-world application for these buses.

Going forwards, the development of autonomous buses and roboshuttles is likely to continue somewhat slowly due to a lack of funding and regulatory challenges.

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Written By

Dr. Tim Sandle is Digital Journal's Editor-at-Large for science news. Tim specializes in science, technology, environmental, business, and health journalism. He is additionally a practising microbiologist; and an author. He is also interested in history, politics and current affairs.

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