The new assay from the Swiss drug maker has been is suitable for patients with signs and symptoms of the Zika infection, in regions of the world where the virus is known to be present.
With the assay, the test comes as a kit containing pre-mixed primers and hydrolysis probes, together with positive controls and instructions for use. The test works on the release of light and it requires specialized equipment to assess the presence of the virus — the LightCycler¬ instrument.
Zika virus is a vector-borne Flavivirus (a single stranded virus) transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. The disease is commonly much milder than for infections with the related Dengue, West-Nile or Japanese encephalitis viruses. Zika virus is associated with microcephaly, a birth defect characterized by an unusually small head and potential developmental problems. The virus is prevalent in Brazil and other regions of South America. There are signs, however, that it is spreading northwards.
While Roche has developed a test method, many other companies are exploring the effectiveness of vaccines. According to Dr. Mirco Junker, who works for GlobalData, better approaches center on combatting the vector instead of the virus. Measures include the prevention of mosquito reproduction by limiting the breeding ground; the use of insecticides; even direct genetic manipulation. Another idea is the use of bacteria designed to lead to the demise of the mosquitoes.
With vaccines, Dr. Junker explains, the majority are some way away from being usable, and are at the pre-clinical trial phase. Junker explains: “The majority of companies that have entered the race are smaller biotech companies with limited resources, while the large pharmaceutical companies…are currently only evaluating how their abilities and experiences can help in the fight against Zika.” One concern with vaccines is establishing lot-to-lot batch consistency as well as stability.
In related Zika news, another case from a traveler in the U.S. has been reported. The Johnson County Department of Health and Environment has confirmed that a Kansas resident has tested positive for Zika virus after traveling to an area where mosquitoes are spreading the disease.